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Nat. Neurosci:GluK2是保护神经细胞的关键蛋白质

2012-04-25 Beyond 生物谷

近日,神经科学家发现负责保护神经细胞的关键蛋白质,这一研究结果可能有助于开发出中风和癫痫的新疗法。 已发现的这一关键蛋白质激活后能保护在心脏衰竭或癫痫发作期间神经细胞免受损害,该蛋白能调节大脑中的神经细胞之间的信息传输。该研究由英国布里斯托尔大学神经科学家完成,并刊登在Nature Neuroscience杂志上。 布里斯托尔医学院教授Jeremy Henley和Jack Mellor博士领导

近日,神经科学家发现负责保护神经细胞的关键蛋白质,这一研究结果可能有助于开发出中风和癫痫的新疗法。

已发现的这一关键蛋白质激活后能保护在心脏衰竭或癫痫发作期间神经细胞免受损害,该蛋白能调节大脑中的神经细胞之间的信息传输。该研究由英国布里斯托尔大学神经科学家完成,并刊登在Nature Neuroscience杂志上。

布里斯托尔医学院教授Jeremy Henley和Jack Mellor博士领导的研究小组发现的蛋白质SUMO负责控制减少或加强大脑神经细胞保护机制的化学过程。

这些关键的SUMO蛋白质会对大脑的活动水平产生微妙的反应,调节红藻氨酸受体的信息传输量,红藻氨酸受体负责神经细胞之间的沟通,而神经细胞的激活可导致癫痫发作和神经细胞死亡。

蛋白质的功能由其结构所控制,其独立或与包括磷酸化、泛素化和SUMO化有关。目前的研究表明红藻氨酸受体自身磷酸化会促进蛋白质的活动。然而,磷酸化也有利于红藻氨酸受体的SUMO化,减少他们的活动。因此调控红藻氨酸受体功能的磷酸化和SUMO化之间是一种动态和微妙的相互作用过程。

磷酸化和SUMO化之间的这种微妙的平衡依赖于大脑的活动水平,在中风或癫痫发生时,这种平衡被破坏,这会加强SUMO化,并因此降低红藻氨酸受体的功能,保护神经细胞。

生理学和药理学学院的高级讲师Mellor博士说:红藻氨酸受体1蛋白参与许多疾病过程包括癫痫。然而,我们目前仍不清楚为什么红藻氨酸受体如此重要。我们清楚SUMO蛋白质在神经保护过程中发挥了重要作用。这些结果证实SUMO和红藻氨酸受体之间由联系,有助于我们了解神经细胞是如何在过度和异常活动时保护自己的。

Henley教授补充说:这项工作非常重要,因为它为能更深入地了解了脑细胞之间是如何进行信息流调节提供了一个新的视角。研究小组发现SUMO附着在藻氨酸受体上的数量增加会降低细胞之间的沟通交流,这样可以通过防止大脑神经细胞的过度激发来治疗癫痫。

doi:10.1038/nn.3089
PMC:
PMID:

SUMOylation and phosphorylation of GluK2 regulate kainate receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity

Sophie E L Chamberlain,Inmaculada M González-González,Kevin A Wilkinson,Filip A Konopacki,Sriharsha Kantamneni,Jeremy M Henley& Jack R Mellor

Phosphorylation or SUMOylation of the kainate receptor (KAR) subunit GluK2 have both individually been shown to regulate KAR surface expression. However, it is unknown whether phosphorylation and SUMOylation of GluK2 are important for activity-dependent KAR synaptic plasticity. We found that protein kinase C–mediated phosphorylation of GluK2 at serine 868 promotes GluK2 SUMOylation at lysine 886 and that both of these events are necessary for the internalization of GluK2-containing KARs that occurs during long-term depression of KAR-mediated synaptic transmission at rat hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Conversely, phosphorylation of GluK2 at serine 868 in the absence of SUMOylation led to an increase in KAR surface expression by facilitating receptor recycling between endosomal compartments and the plasma membrane. Our results suggest a role for the dynamic control of synaptic SUMOylation in the regulation of KAR synaptic transmission and plasticity.

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    2013-03-15 liye789132251
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    2012-04-27 lsndxfj
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