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微信表情可能是医生发明的!

2016-07-11 佚名 医学界内分泌频道

简单粗暴有木有!生动形象有木有! 难怪有人感慨说:“微信表情可能是医生发明的!” 甲亢(甲状腺功能亢进) 甲状腺功能亢进简称甲亢,是由于甲状腺激素分泌过多而引起的甲状腺毒症,其病因主要是弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿(Graves病)、多结节性毒性甲状腺肿和甲状腺自主高功能腺瘤(Plummer病)。主要临床表现为多食、消瘦、畏热、多汗、心悸、激动等高代谢症候群,神经和血管兴奋增强,以及不同程


简单粗暴有木有!生动形象有木有!

难怪有人感慨说:“微信表情可能是医生发明的!”

甲亢(甲状腺功能亢进)

甲状腺功能亢进简称甲亢,是由于甲状腺激素分泌过多而引起的甲状腺毒症,其病因主要是弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿(Graves病)、多结节性毒性甲状腺肿和甲状腺自主高功能腺瘤(Plummer病)。主要临床表现为多食、消瘦、畏热、多汗、心悸、激动等高代谢症候群,神经和血管兴奋增强,以及不同程度的甲状腺肿大和眼突、手颤、胫部血管杂音等为特征,严重的可出现甲亢危象,危及生命。

而经典的甲亢面容表现为:面容惊愕,眼球突出,眼裂增大,目光炯炯,表情兴奋易怒。

甲亢突眼

突眼是弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿(Graves病,GD)的常见症状,按其病情严重程度分为非浸润性突眼(单纯性突眼)和浸润性突眼(又称Graves眼病)。

非浸润性突眼

患者症状较轻,仅有轻度的眼部不适及眼征,甚至会自行消失,主要有以下表现:①轻度突眼:突眼度19-20mm;②Stellwag征:瞬目减少和凝视,炯炯发亮;③上眼睑挛缩,眼裂增宽;④von Graefe征:上眼睑移动滞缓,眼睛向下看时上眼睑不能及时随眼球向下移动,可在角膜上缘看到白色巩膜;⑤Joffroy征:向上看时,前额皮肤不能皱起;⑥Mobius征:双眼看近物时,眼球内聚减退或不能。

浸润性突眼

发生在Graves眼病,患者常有显著的眼部症状,如胀痛、异物感、畏光、流泪、结膜充血水肿、复视、长期视神经受压导致视力减退,眼球运动受限,甚至固定。由于突眼明显及眼睑挛缩可导致眼睑不能闭合,结膜与角膜经常暴露,从而引起充血、水肿,进而感染,导致结膜炎、暴露性角膜炎、角膜溃疡、穿孔,甚至全眼球炎,以致失明。所以浸润性突眼不仅影响患者外观容貌,同时严重影响患者的生活质量。

甲减(甲状腺功能减退症)

甲减即甲状腺功能减退症,是由于各种原因导致的低甲状腺激素血症或甲状腺激素抵抗而引起的全身性低代谢综合征。主要临床表现为:易疲劳、怕冷、记忆力减退、反应迟钝、精神抑郁、嗜睡、便秘、肌肉痉挛等。体检可见表情淡漠、毛发稀疏,眉毛外1/3脱落(话说这个表情真的没有眉毛……)。

1型糖尿病

原被称为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病,主要见于青少年,与基因缺陷和自身免疫性疾病有关。发病一般比较急骤,口渴、多饮、多尿、多食以及乏力消瘦,体重急剧下降(三多一少)的症状十分明显,有的患者首发即有酮症酸中毒;某些成年患者,起病缓慢,早期临床表现不明显,经历一段或长或短的糖尿病不需要胰岛素治疗的阶段,称为“成人隐匿性自身性免疫性糖尿病”。尽管起病急缓不一,一般很快进展到需用胰岛素控制血糖或维持生命。

2型糖尿病

约占糖尿病患者90%以上,可发生在任何年龄,多于成人40岁以后起病,多数发病缓慢,三多一少的症状相对较轻,糖耐量减低和糖尿病早期阶段不需要胰岛素治疗。但随着病情进展,相当一部分患者需用胰岛素控制血糖、防治并发症或维持生命。临床上,肥胖、血脂异常、脂肪肝、高血压、冠心病等和2型糖尿病常同时或先后发生,称为代谢综合征

Cushing(库欣综合征)

库欣综合征为各种病因造成肾上腺分泌过多糖皮质激素(主要是皮质醇)所致病症的总称,最多见的为垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌亢进所引起的临床类型,称为库欣病(Cushing 病)。Cushing综合征有很多类型,典型病例表现为向心性肥胖、满月脸、多血质、紫纹等;重型主要特征为体重减轻、高血压、水肿、低血钾性碱中毒。另外,多数病人可有精神症状,但一般较轻,表现为欣快感、失眠、注意力不集中、情绪不稳定。

Addison(原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症)

原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症,由于双侧肾上腺的绝大部分被毁所致。最具特征性者为全身皮肤色素加深,虽然色素沉着分布是全身性的,但以暴露部位及易摩擦的部位更明显,如脸部、手部、掌纹、乳晕、甲床、足背、瘢痕和束腰带的部位,是由于垂体ACTH、黑素细胞刺激素(MSH)分泌增多所致。其他症状包括全身不适、无精打采、乏力、倦怠、食欲减退恶心、体重减轻、头晕和体位性低血压等。

嗜铬细胞瘤

嗜铬细胞瘤起源于肾上腺髓质、交感神经节或其他部位的嗜铬组织,这肿瘤持续或间断地释放大量儿茶酚胺,引起持续或阵发性高血压和多个器官功能及代谢紊乱。临床表现以心血管症状为主,高血压为最主要症状,分为阵发性和持续性两种。其中阵发性高血压为其特征性表现,发作时血压骤升,收缩压往往达200~300mmHg,舒张压可达130-180mmHg,伴剧烈头痛,面色苍白大汗淋漓,心动过速,心前区及上腹部紧迫感,可有心前区疼痛、心律失常、焦虑、恐惧感、恶心、呕吐、视物模糊、复视等。

怎样?看完之后,您是否也觉得这些表情太赞了?其实不光是内分泌科医生机智,除了以上疾病,还有这些:


以后跟患者解释病情的时候,拿出这个表情包,是不是会事半功倍呢?


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评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589067, encodeId=1fef158906e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=753950491ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微信#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50491, encryptionId=753950491ed, topicName=微信)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e9417676193, createdName=smlt2014, createdTime=Wed Jul 13 07:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92790, encodeId=4f2092e900d, content=哈哈哈哈哈哈,好丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 20:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92782, encodeId=d3a392e82f4, content=是学医发明的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 17:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92775, encodeId=b3fc92e7516, content=很丰富的表情, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 16:35:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-13 smlt2014
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589067, encodeId=1fef158906e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=753950491ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微信#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50491, encryptionId=753950491ed, topicName=微信)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e9417676193, createdName=smlt2014, createdTime=Wed Jul 13 07:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92790, encodeId=4f2092e900d, content=哈哈哈哈哈哈,好丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 20:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92782, encodeId=d3a392e82f4, content=是学医发明的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 17:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92775, encodeId=b3fc92e7516, content=很丰富的表情, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 16:35:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-11 oo902

    哈哈哈哈哈哈,好丰富

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589067, encodeId=1fef158906e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=753950491ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微信#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50491, encryptionId=753950491ed, topicName=微信)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e9417676193, createdName=smlt2014, createdTime=Wed Jul 13 07:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92790, encodeId=4f2092e900d, content=哈哈哈哈哈哈,好丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 20:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92782, encodeId=d3a392e82f4, content=是学医发明的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 17:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92775, encodeId=b3fc92e7516, content=很丰富的表情, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 16:35:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-11 老段

    是学医发明的

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589067, encodeId=1fef158906e3f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=753950491ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微信#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50491, encryptionId=753950491ed, topicName=微信)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2e9417676193, createdName=smlt2014, createdTime=Wed Jul 13 07:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92790, encodeId=4f2092e900d, content=哈哈哈哈哈哈,好丰富, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 20:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92782, encodeId=d3a392e82f4, content=是学医发明的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 17:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92775, encodeId=b3fc92e7516, content=很丰富的表情, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9ebb1716792, createdName=黑心天使, createdTime=Mon Jul 11 16:35:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-11 黑心天使

    很丰富的表情

    0

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