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感冒了还能给宝宝喂奶吗?

2016-08-16 佚名 大渝健康

据重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿保科主治医师张萱介绍,在日常的接诊过程中,常常会遇到许多新手妈妈对母乳喂养存在许多疑问和误区,她说人乳是婴儿最好的天然食物,对婴儿健康的生长发育有不可替代的作用。一个健康的母亲可提供足月儿正常生长到6个月所需要的营养素。母乳具有营养均衡、易于吸收利用,肾脏负担小,含有天然免疫保护成分及生物活性成分等优点,其中抗感染作用是其最大优点。纯母乳喂养婴儿的各类感染性疾病和肥胖的

据重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿保科主治医师张萱介绍,在日常的接诊过程中,常常会遇到许多新手妈妈对母乳喂养存在许多疑问和误区,她说人乳是婴儿最好的天然食物,对婴儿健康的生长发育有不可替代的作用。一个健康的母亲可提供足月儿正常生长到6个月所需要的营养素。母乳具有营养均衡、易于吸收利用,肾脏负担小,含有天然免疫保护成分及生物活性成分等优点,其中抗感染作用是其最大优点。纯母乳喂养婴儿的各类感染性疾病和肥胖的发生率明显低于配方奶喂养婴儿。除此之外,母乳新鲜、无菌、适温、适量,母乳喂养本身还具有经济、方便、省时等优点,母乳喂养对促进母亲和婴儿的情感交流、精神心理正常发育具有良好促进作用,对母亲身体健康也非常有利。


母乳喂养的重要性已越来越受到人们的重视,但临床工作中仍发现不少新妈妈在认识上存在不少误区,影响了宝宝的母乳喂养:


误区1:初乳少,“脏”,不适合喂养


人初乳为孕后期与分娩4~5日以内的乳汁。初乳中含有丰富的蛋白质和免疫球蛋白,可增强新生儿免疫功能,预防感染。所以,初乳是富有营养的。我们提倡:无论是顺产还是剖腹产的婴儿,产后尽早开奶(产后1小时内)。


国际母乳喂养行动联盟最近的一项研究显示:如果所有的妇女能在产后第一个小时开始哺喂母乳,可以拯救400万个新生儿中的100万个。在出生24小时之后才开始哺乳的婴儿,不论是混合喂养或纯母乳,比起在产后一小时就开始哺乳的婴儿,死亡的机会高出2.5倍。如果新生儿从产后第一小时内就开始纯母乳哺育,可以避免22%的新生儿死亡。


误区2:乳房不胀,说明母乳不足,不能满足宝宝需要


所有新妈妈都要对自己有信心!吸吮是维持母乳分泌的关键。婴儿吸吮的次数越多,乳房产生的乳汁越多。不哺乳的产妇血中催乳素的浓度常在分娩后一周降到妊娠早期的低水平。此外,乳汁的分泌也会受到母亲精神因素、营养和健康状况、疼痛刺激和婴儿吸吮力等因素影响。因此哺乳期间要合理安排母亲的生活起居,避免焦虑、紧张和疲劳。


衡量母乳是否充足,不能仅凭母亲主观感觉乳房是否胀来判断。而是应结合婴儿的体重增长情况、精神睡眠状况、小便量是否充足等综合判断,很多母亲因为担心自己的乳汁无法满足婴儿需要,过早的添加配方奶,反而影响乳汁分泌,导致过早断母乳,是极为可惜的。因此,建议定期儿保随访,专业人员会根据情况决定是否需添加其他代乳品。


误区3:只要我的乳汁足够,辅食晚点加无所谓


纯母乳喂养6个月以后,母乳的分泌量及营养成分无法完全满足婴儿生长需要,尤其容易发生铁缺乏等。铁缺乏是最常见的微量营养素缺乏性疾病之一,除可导致贫血外,研究发现还可以影响生长发育、抗感染能力、智力等。因此建议在4-6月龄后,在继续母乳喂养的同时,可在医生指导下,根据条件和宝宝自身成长的需要正确添加辅食。辅食添加太晚,可能出现生长不足、辅食添加困难,年长儿挑食偏食等情况。


误区4:妈妈生病了不能喂母乳


哺乳期妇女最常见的疾病是上呼吸道感染,在此期间并不需要停止哺乳。如果妈妈需要服药,需告知医生在哺乳期,医生会根据情况开一些对宝宝无害的感冒药。患感冒母亲与婴儿接触时,最好洗手、戴上口罩,以免通过皮肤和呼吸道再次传播病菌。


此外,许多患乙型肝炎或有乙肝病毒携带的妈妈担心自己会将病毒传染给婴儿,因此选择配方奶喂养。专家认为,如果妈妈在乙肝病毒复制活跃期(DNA阳性),应停止母乳喂养,但经过治疗后的慢性乙肝及乙肝病毒携带者则不是母乳喂养的禁忌。研究发现,母乳喂养并不增加婴儿乙肝感染率。


张萱医生提醒,母乳是新生宝宝6月龄内最好的食品,愿所有的宝宝都能吃到宝贵的母乳,受益一生。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135813, encodeId=dace135813f7, content=学习了,分享中, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 11:03:55 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=113313, encodeId=d7bc1133136e, content=好文,赞!深入学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Wed Sep 07 17:36:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=100548, encodeId=31e11005481a, content=看完我知道了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLMzGpMQ8w4I7FpiblCXNcmI6O7TDINutbaicEUpoYFR1rWqn3kTbulfMhT0iaPFurLz2ddEcWe3BiciaQ/0, createdBy=5f6e1724878, createdName=136****0753赵, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 21:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=99663, encodeId=8ad899663b5, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 12:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=99664, encodeId=ab239966495, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 12:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249716, encodeId=9cda1249e1623, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 01:36:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-27 童小孩

    学习了,分享中

    0

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    2016-09-07 ylzr123

    好文,赞!深入学习。

    0

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    2016-08-18 136****0753赵

    看完我知道了

    0

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    2016-08-17 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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    2016-08-17 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

    0

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