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Stroke:降压药物种类对脑小血管疾病的影响

2022-05-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在SPRINT-MIND试验的参与者中,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂与较慢的WMH进展相关,而不依赖于血压控制和年龄。

治疗不受控制的高血压可降低脑小血管疾病(CSVD)进展的风险,尽管目前尚不清楚这种效应是由于血压控制或降压药特异性的多效性所致,如钙通道阻滞剂可改善了每搏的动脉压变异性。

近日,心血管疾病领域权威杂志Stroke上发表了一篇研究文章,在这项研究中,该研究的目的是探究血压控制良好的患者队列中,降压药物种类,特别是钙通道阻滞剂对白质高强度积聚(WMH)的影响,因为WMH是CSVD的影像学标记。

研究人员对降低血压对高血压记忆和认知影响(SPRINT-MIND)试验的进行了观察队列分析。这是一项大型随机对照试验,参与者在基线和4年随访后完成了脑磁共振成像检查获得了WMH体积数据。在接受磁共振检查之间的随访时,研究人员收集了受试者降压药使用情况。随后得出11类抗高血压药物的比例。CSVD的进展情况由两次扫描之间WMH体积的差异来衡量,为了解决倾斜问题,将其最高三分位数与其余部分进行了比较。

在448名个体中,除了年龄(70.1±7.9 vs 65.7±7.3岁;P<0.001)和收缩压(128.3±11.0 vs 126.2±9.4 mmHg;P = 0.039)外,WMH进展亚组的血管风险相似。72名(48.3%)名最高三分位数的受试者和177名(59.2%)的其他患者为强化降压组。WMH最高三分位数受试者的WMH平均进展为4.7±4.3 mL,相比其他组为0.13±1.0 mL (P<0.001)。使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(比值比为0.36 [95%CI为0.16-0.79];P=0.011)和二氢吡啶类钙通道阻滞剂(比值比为0.39 [95%CI为0.19-0.80];P=0.011)与WMH进展程度较慢相关,尽管当WMH被视为连续变量时,二氢吡啶钙通道阻滞剂并失去了显著性意义。

由此可见,在SPRINT-MIND试验的参与者中,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂与较慢的WMH进展相关,而不依赖于血压控制和年龄。

原始出处:

Eric D. Goldstein.et al.Effect of Antihypertensives by Class on Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of SPRINT-MIND.stroke.2022.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.037997

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