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北大教授:药品回扣“合法化”的四种途径

2016-12-31 顾昕 顾昕

2016年底,医疗反腐的大浪冲叩年关。无论是“送回扣”还是“吃回扣”,都是非法的,这一点举世皆然。(外资药业的中方员工甚至都要签署协议,承诺知悉并遵守相关国家禁止商业贿赂的法律。)但在药价虚高的情况下,现实世界中回扣“合法化”的途径其实很多很多,最为常见的至少有如下四种:第一,“公司慈善行为”,即医药公司“自愿”对医疗机构的各类活动给予大量资助,包括支持培训或学术活动(讲课者和听课者都能获得报酬)

2016年底,医疗反腐的大浪冲叩年关。无论是“送回扣”还是“吃回扣”,都是非法的,这一点举世皆然。(外资药业的中方员工甚至都要签署协议,承诺知悉并遵守相关国家禁止商业贿赂的法律。)但在药价虚高的情况下,现实世界中回扣“合法化”的途径其实很多很多,最为常见的至少有如下四种:

第一,“公司慈善行为”,即医药公司“自愿”对医疗机构的各类活动给予大量资助,包括支持培训或学术活动(讲课者和听课者都能获得报酬)、“捐赠”设备、开展“融资服务”等等。

第二,医院自己开设医药公司,在药品集中招标圈定的范围内,从市场上以较低的市场批发价采购药品,然后按中标价向医院配送,再将药品差价所带来的收入分配给医务人员。

第三,“外包”或“托管”模式:医院将自己的药房“托管”或“外包”给医药企业,医药企业按药品销售额的一定百分比向医院设法支付“托管费”或“外包费”,此项支付的具体会计名目五花八门,群众的智慧无穷。

第四,政府主导型“二次议价”,即地方政府设立专门机构或组织专人,在省中标价之下,与药企“二次议价”,对很多中标的药品侃下25-30%的空间,然后以议价后的低价向医疗机构配送;而医疗机构依然以虚高的中标价为基础销售药品,要么加价15%,要么加价0%,这取决于药品零差率政策是否实施。通过“二次议价”或“二次遴选”获取一定的收益,业内称为“供应链管理”;在改革试点地区,这部分收益支付给了医院,变成了医院管理层和员工的收入。

无论回扣如何“合法化”,药价虚高都是毒瘤,并且已经扩散了。虚高药价空间中的种种行为,无论是医生个人行为,医院机构行为,还是政府组织行为,都在扭曲着中国的医疗事业,让百姓、医生、院长和政府都苦不堪言。公立医院去行政化,是缓解痼疾的可行之策之一。

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    2017-01-14 行好

    在现实中改进!

    0

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    2016-12-31 susice

    貌似是可以的

    0

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