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世界卒中日|卒中预防有“四要”,快速识别谨记FAST

2017-10-30 陈运/上海中医药大学附属龙华医院脑病科副主任医师 澎湃新闻

今年10月29日是第十二个“世界卒中日”。卒中,俗称“中风”,具有高发病率、高复发率、高致残率、高死亡率的特点。在我国,脑卒中已经成为导致城乡居民死亡的第一大病因,且发病率正以每年8.7%的速率递增。如果不采取有效措施,预计到2030年,中国预计将有3177万名脑卒中患者。什么是脑卒中?脑卒中是一组突然起病的脑血液循环障碍而导致的疾病,如果脑的供血动脉发生了堵塞,那么它所供应的脑组织就会出现缺血坏

今年10月29日是第十二个“世界卒中日”。卒中,俗称“中风”,具有高发病率、高复发率、高致残率、高死亡率的特点。在我国,脑卒中已经成为导致城乡居民死亡的第一大病因,且发病率正以每年8.7%的速率递增。如果不采取有效措施,预计到2030年,中国预计将有3177万名脑卒中患者。

什么是脑卒中?

脑卒中是一组突然起病的脑血液循环障碍而导致的疾病,如果脑的供血动脉发生了堵塞,那么它所供应的脑组织就会出现缺血坏死,这种情况就是人们常说的“脑梗死”或者“缺血性脑卒中”;反之,如果供血动脉发生破裂,那么它就会导致脑内出血,也就是“脑溢血”或“出血性脑卒中”。

哪些人群易发生脑卒中?

脑卒中风险评估主要包括以下8项内容:

1.高血压病史(≥ 140/80mmhg),或正在服用降压药;

2.房颤和心瓣膜病;

3.吸烟;

4.血脂异常或未知;

5.糖尿病

6.很少进行体育活动(体育锻炼的标准是每周锻炼≥ 3次、每次≥ 30分钟、持续时间超过1年。从事体力劳动可视为有体育活动);

7.明显超重或肥胖(BMI ≥ 26/kg/m2)

8.有卒中家族史。

如有高血压糖尿病、心房颤动、高脂血症之一者,就为中危人群;具有3项及以上危险因素,或既往有脑卒中/短暂性脑缺血发作病史者,发生脑卒中的风险就很高了。

如何识别脑卒中?

推荐使用FAST原则(FAST四个字母分别代表四个单词:Face,Arm,Speech,Time)快速识别脑卒中:

Face:患者有无面部不对称,俗称口角歪斜、口眼歪斜、嘴歪了等等;

Arm:患者有无上肢力弱,是否可以双上肢平举;

Speech:患者是否可以流利、清晰地说话,有无言语功能障碍;

Time:如果卒中患者能够在3小时内得到及时救治,大脑受损的概率就会降低。

如果上述三点中出现任一问题,那就立即就医!

如何预防脑卒中?


生活饮食习惯与脑卒中的发生关系密切,如高盐高脂饮食、吸烟、酗酒、缺乏体育锻炼等都已证实是脑卒中的危险因素。因此,脑卒中的预防要以“健康四大基石”为主要内容,即“合理膳食,适量运动,戒烟限酒,心理平衡”。应重点注意以下4点:

1.高血压患者,应注意控制高血压,坚持服用降压药物。

2.高血脂应注意饮食和运动,必要时服用调脂药物。

3.糖尿病患者和高危人群,应积极治疗糖尿病。

4.房颤或有其他心脏疾病者,应控制心脏病等危险因素。

此外,在日常生活行为中要注意以下10点:

1.饮食要清淡。

2.适度体育活动。

3.克服不良的嗜好,如吸烟、酗酒、久坐等。

4.防止过度劳累。

5.老年人应避免过快的体位改变、便秘,注意冷暖。

6.注意气候变化。

7.每天饮水要充足,避免脱水。

8.看电视、上网等不要太久。

9.保持情绪稳定,心情愉快。

10.定期进行健康体检,发现问题早防早治。

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    2018-01-24 gracezdd
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    2017-12-19 JR19860219
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没有看到提前预约挂号的医生,病人可以获赔100元!记者昨天从成都市第六人民医院获悉,该院在全省首开停诊险,从即日起至12月31日,凡是通过“成都市第六人民医院移动医疗服务”手机平台提前预约挂号的患者,只要在就诊当天前往医院后发现所预约的医生停诊的,都可获得100元的保险理赔,另外,通过这一平台预约挂号的患者还将同时免费获得一份3个月的交通意外保险。看病预约,是目前我国正在推行的一项服务措施,目的是

这些女性要重点防卒中?看看有没有你

天津市医学会神经病学分会副主任委员、天津医大二院神经内科主任李新教授介绍,普遍认为,脑卒中男性发病率要比女性高,但医大二院患者登记的脑卒中数据库显示近年来脑卒中患者中女性所占比例呈上升趋势。

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