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Diabetologia:重磅!肠道病毒感染或和诱发1型糖尿病的自身免疫状况有关

2017-01-12 佚名 生物谷

图片摘自:medcenterblog.uvmhealth.org 近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Diabetologia上的研究报告中,来自坦佩雷大学的研究人员通过研究发现,1型糖尿病(T1D)儿童在经历诱发糖尿病的自身免疫过程之前或诱发肠病毒感染的风险较高。 1型糖尿病由机体免疫系统介导的过程引发,其往往会损伤患者机体胰腺中的产胰岛素β细胞,通过检测机体中的自身抗体就能够识别患者的亚临

图片摘自:medcenterblog.uvmhealth.org

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Diabetologia上的研究报告中,来自坦佩雷大学的研究人员通过研究发现,1型糖尿病(T1D)儿童在经历诱发糖尿病的自身免疫过程之前或诱发肠病毒感染的风险较高。

1型糖尿病由机体免疫系统介导的过程引发,其往往会损伤患者机体胰腺中的产胰岛素β细胞,通过检测机体中的自身抗体就能够识别患者的亚临床疾病阶段;文章中研究者在进行的肠道病毒和1型糖尿病关联性研究中发现,糖尿病和自身抗体阳性个体的血液和胰腺中肠道病毒频率会增加,同时也1型糖尿病患者机体中肠道病毒抗体的频率也会增加,然而研究人员并未在所有的研究中发现上述二者的关联。

文章中,研究者分析了患者大便中肠道病毒的存在是否和胰岛自身免疫的出现有关,同时本文研究也是截至目前最大的一项关联性研究,研究者希望对β细胞有损伤迹象的儿童进行研究,通过收集患者粪便进行分析找到诱发儿童患病的肠道病毒。研究者对来自多种胰岛自身抗体阳性的129名儿童的1673份粪便样本以及282名对照儿童机体的3108份粪便样本进行分析来筛选肠道病毒的核酸,结果发现129名患病儿童中有108名感染了肠道病毒,而282名对照儿童中有169名感染了肠道病毒。在自身抗体出现之前两个研究组中儿童感染率表现出了一定差异(0.6 vs 0.4感染/孩子)。

深入分析后研究者发现,在采集首个自身抗体阳性样本之前,患病儿童多余的感染往往已经发生超过12个月了,在这段时间里,相比每个对照儿童0.33的感染而言,患病儿童平均会出现0.62的感染,10年的随访过程中二者的肠道病毒感染情况比率为6.3 vs 2.1;换句话说,

相比对照儿童而言,1型糖尿病患儿感染肠道病毒的风险往往是前者的三倍。

研究者表示,本文研究揭示,幼儿机体肠道病毒的感染往往和胰岛自身抗体的出现直接相关,而且本文研究支持了此前的研究发现,此前研究者认为肠道病毒在诱发胰岛细胞损伤过程中扮演着关键作用;当然后期研究人员还需要进行更为深入的研究在多个国家人群中证实上述关系,从而对于理解病毒感染胰岛素产生细胞的分子机制提供新的思路和希望。

原始出处

Hanna Honkanen Sami OikarinenNoora NurminenOlli H. LaitinenHeini HuhtalaJussi LehtonenTanja RuokorantaMinna M.et.al.Detection of enteroviruses in stools precedes islet autoimmunity by several months: possible evidence for slowly operating mechanisms in virus-induced autoimmunity.Diabetologia.2016

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